Know Everything About Leasehold Property: A Comprehensive Guide

Meenakshi Taheem

Last Updated on 29th April 2025

Although a common concept, leasehold property sometimes confuses new buyers and investors alike. In a freehold ownership, you fully own both the properties and the land. However, in leasehold property, you own the property for a period of time, then it belongs to someone else. If you are still confused about leasehold properties, worry no more! Read the blog to understand everything about leasehold ownership—advantages, limitations, and important factors to consider before investing.

Table of Contents

Leasehold Property Meaning
Leasehold vs. Freehold
Advantages of Leasehold Property
Disadvantages of Leasehold Property
Key Considerations When Buying Leasehold Property

Leasehold property is a common concept in real estate, yet it often confuses new buyers and investors. Unlike freehold properties where one owns the property and the land outright, leasehold involves a different kind of ownership, which is crucial to understand for anyone stepping into the property market. This guide aims to demystify leasehold properties, outlining their benefits, drawbacks, and key considerations.

Leasehold Property Meaning

Leasehold property refers to owning a property for a fixed term but not the land on which it stands. The ownership of the property reverts to the freeholder, the landowner, once the lease expires. This contract can range from a few decades to centuries, significantly impacting the property’s value. Leasehold is commonly found in apartments and flats, contrasting with freehold property where one owns the property and land indefinitely.

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Leasehold vs. Freehold

Leasehold and freehold represent two fundamental types of property ownership. Freehold implies complete and indefinite ownership of both the property and the land it stands on, giving owners full control over the premises. In contrast, leasehold involves owning a property for a set period as defined in a lease, without owning the land. This term can range from several years to decades. Leaseholders often face restrictions on property modifications, pay ground rent, and have maintenance responsibilities dictated by the freeholder. The value of leasehold properties can depreciate as the lease term diminishes, unlike freeholds, which typically appreciate over time.

Feature	Leasehold Property	Freehold Property
Land & Property Ownership	You only own the property for a set period (e.g., 30 years), but not the land.	You own both property and land indefinitely.
Duration	Limited time (typically 30–99 years).	Permanent ownership.
Renewal/Extension	Lease must be renewed when it expires.	No renewal needed; ownership is forever.
Cost	Usually cheaper upfront compared to freehold.	Generally more expensive than leasehold.
Sale Process	Selling may involve permissions/consent from the landowner.	Sale is straightforward and solely the owner’s decision.
Bank Loan/Financing	May be harder to get loans for short leases (<30 years).	Easier to get a home loan approval.
Modification Rights	Limited; often require landowner approval for major changes.	Full rights to modify or renovate (subject to local regulations).
Recurring Charges	Annual lease rent, renewal fees, and ground rent may apply.	No ground rent or lease charges.
Usage Restrictions	Subject to terms of lease agreement.	Freedom to use as per local zoning laws.

Advantages of Leasehold Property

One of the primary benefits of a leasehold property is its affordability. These properties are often cheaper to buy than freeholds. Additionally, the responsibility for maintaining and repairing the building typically falls to the landlord or freeholder. This can include structural repairs, making leasehold properties appealing to those who prefer lower-maintenance living. Leaseholds often come with access to shared amenities like gardens or gyms, enhancing lifestyle options for residents.

Disadvantages of Leasehold Property

However, leasehold ownership has its downsides. The control over the property is limited; for instance, making significant alterations usually requires the freeholder’s permission. The value of the property can decrease as the lease shortens, and renewing the lease can be costly. Leaseholders also often face annual ground rent and service charges, which can increase over time.

How to extend a Leasehold Property?

The leaseholder can negotiate with the freeholder about terms before the lease expires. This process requires paying legal fees and a premium. The leaseholder must negotiate much in advance to prevent complications. In India, it may be imperative to consult a legal expert, as certain jurisdictions may have specific regulations governing lease extensions.

Is Leasehold Property Safe to Buy?

Buying a leasehold property is safe as long as you review all its legal aspects. You must ensure that the lease has a long remaining duration and all the terms and conditions are mentioned clearly. You can also consult a legal professional to evaluate the lease agreement thoroughly.

How Long is a Lease?

The duration of a lease in India depends on the agreement signed between the leaseholder and the freeholder. The residential leases generally span between 25 and 30 years, and the exact terms and conditions vary based on the leaseholder’s requirements and the property owner’s discretion. Notably, the lease period is negotiable and is finalized through mutual consent between the parties involved.

What Happens When a Lease Ends?

When a lease expires, the leaseholder needs to vacate the property and return it to the freeholder. However, the leaseholder may renew the lease or even purchase the freehold rights, if mentioned in the lease agreement.

Key Considerations When Buying Leasehold Property

When considering a leasehold purchase, it’s vital to look at the lease length – properties with shorter leases can be difficult to sell and mortgage. Understanding the details of ground rent and service charges is crucial, as these can vary widely. Additionally, the lease agreement may include restrictions, such as not keeping pets or subletting restrictions, which should be reviewed thoroughly.

1. Leasehold Extensions and Buying the Freehold

Leaseholders have legal rights to extend their leases or collectively buy the freehold (collective enfranchisement). Extending a lease can add value to the property, but the process can be complex and expensive. Similarly, buying the freehold offers more control but requires cooperation from fellow leaseholders and can be a significant financial undertaking.

2. Navigating Leasehold Disputes

Disputes between leaseholders and freeholders can arise, often concerning service charges or property management. Resolving these disputes may require mediation or legal action. In some cases, leaseholders can appeal to a leasehold valuation tribunal for a fair resolution.
Understanding leasehold property is crucial for anyone looking to buy or invest in the real estate market. While there are benefits, the complexities, and potential pitfalls make it essential for prospective buyers to do thorough research and seek professional advice.

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FAQs About Leasehold Property

Is it difficult to sell a leasehold property?

Selling a leasehold property can be more challenging than selling a freehold, especially if the lease is short (typically less than 80 years). Buyers may find it hard to secure a mortgage on properties with short leases, and the property value may be negatively affected. However, if the lease is long and the property is well-maintained, in a good location, and the service charges/ground rent are reasonable, it can be as marketable as any freehold property.

Are leasehold properties good to buy?

Leasehold properties can be a good buy, especially in areas where purchasing a freehold property is prohibitively expensive. They are common in city centers and apartment blocks. The key is to be aware of the lease length, service charges, ground rent, and any restrictive covenants. As long as you go into the purchase informed and aware of the ongoing commitments, a leasehold property can be a good investment.

Can the freeholder evict you from a leasehold property?

Eviction from a leasehold property is rare and can only occur under specific circumstances, such as if the leaseholder breaches the lease terms, fails to pay ground rent, or service charges consistently. Even then, the freeholder must go through a legal process, typically involving a court order. Leaseholders have legal rights and protections, and eviction is not a straightforward process for the freeholder.

Who is the actual owner of leasehold property?

The leaseholder is the owner of the “lease” of the property for the duration specified in the lease agreement. The freeholder (or landlord) owns the property and the land outright. Once the lease expires, ownership of the property reverts to the freeholder unless the lease is extended.

Can I take a loan from leasehold property?

Yes, you can take a loan against a leasehold property, such as a mortgage. However, lenders typically require a certain number of years left on the lease to consider it secure collateral (usually at least 70-80 years remaining). The value of the property and the length of the lease can affect the loan terms.

Can lease property be sold?

Yes, a leasehold property can be sold. The leaseholder can sell their interest in the property during the lease term. However, the sale is subject to the terms of the lease, and in some cases, the freeholder’s approval may be required. The remaining length of the lease can significantly affect the property’s marketability and value.

Can a leasehold property be converted to freehold?

In some cases, leasehold properties can be converted to freehold, a process known as enfranchisement. This is more common in multi-occupancy buildings where leaseholders collaborate to buy the freehold. For individual properties, it depends on the freeholder’s willingness to sell and the legal framework in the specific jurisdiction. The process can be complex and costly.

Can you transfer ownership of a leasehold property?

Yes, ownership of a leasehold property can be transferred to another person. The transfer process involves selling the leasehold interest in the property. However, the terms of the lease agreement still apply, and the new owner takes over the lease with its existing terms and duration. Depending on the lease terms, the freeholder’s permission may be required for the transfer.